Did Trump Win the 2016 Election with Fake News?

Aaron Blake states that "His overriding fear seems to be that Russian interference and the 'fake news' it promoted would undermine the legitimacy of his election win." Some researchers at Ohio State University have claimed that some fake news has increased Donald Trump's vote count and decreased Hillary Clinton's vote count. What is the fake news you may ask? Blake claims that the 3 statements below are the fake news that could have won Trump the election in 2016.

1. "Clinton was in 'very poor health due to a serious illness' (12 percent)
2. Pope Francis endorsed Trump (8 percent)
3. Clinton approved weapons sales to Islamic jihadists, 'including ISIS' (20 percent)"

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2018/04/03/a-new-study-suggests-fake-news-might-have-won-donald-trump-the-2016-election/?utm_term=.e2d59a41c403